Fluid-pressure tool.



A. CL MOFARLANE.

FLUID PRESSURE TOOL.- ABr-LIQATION FILED Amm?, 1010.

Patented 110101911.

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FLUID PRESSURE TOOL. APPLIGATION'HLBD Amm, 1910.

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willllIl-llllnwllllllll--llllllllllllll IH ATTORNEYS A. G.. MFARLANE.

FLUID PRESSURE TOOL, v

- APP 1,010,660.- Patented neas, 1911.

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FLUID-PRESSURE roo-r..

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' Specification of'LettersPatent.

Application led Apri1'27, 1910. Serial No. 55T 895.

' To all 'whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT CHARLES Mo-A FARLANE, a citizen of the United States, and

' a resident of Colorado Springs, in the county of El Paso and State of Colorado, have invented a new and Improved Fluid- Pressure Tool, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description;

The invention relates to roel: drills, hammers and like devices, in which 'compressed air or a like fluid under pressure is used as the motive agent.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved fluid pressure tool, arranged for running the tool at a high speed and wit-h economy in the use of the motive agent, to reduce jar and vibration to a minimum, and to prevent breaking of the operating parts, especially when the tool is running without the drill being in place. In order to attain this object, use is made of a valveless piston hammer', reciprocating in a valveless cylinder, the piston hammer 1n its movement controlling the cut-off and exhaust of the motive agent. y

. A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofithis specification, in which similar characters of reference 1n dicate correspondingl parts in all the views.

Figurel is a sldeelevatlon of the improvement, arranged as a rock drill; Fig. 2 1s a longitudinal sectional elevation of the same;

Fig. .3 is an'enlarged .longitudinal central section rof the same on the line 3-3 of Fig. 7 and-showing the hammer head in withdrawn or starting position; Fig. 4 is a similar View of the same on the line 4-4 of Fig.

7 and showing the hammer head in extreme forward position at. the time the drill is removed; Fig. 5 is an enlarged central section ofthe stopping bar and adjacent parts;

Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the improvement on the line 6-6 of Fig. 4; Fig. 7 is a like view of the same on the line 7-7 of Fig. 4; Fig. 8 is a similar view of the same on the line 8'-8 of Fig. 4; Fig. 9 is a similar view of the same on the line 9-9 of Fig. 4; Fig. 10 is a similar view, of the. same on the line 10-l0 of Fig.'4; Fig.4 11 is a like view of lthe same on the line 11-11 of Fig. 4; Fig.

which the smaller forward bore A2 terminates at its forward end in an annular exhaust chamber A3 connected with a tapering opening A* in the forward end of the cylinder A, the said opening A containing a chuck B holding the drill or other tool C to be operated on by a piston hammer D, reciprocating in the small bore A2 and having an enlarged head D reciprocating inthe large bore A of the cylinder A.

'The rear endv of the cylinder A is 'closed by a head E having a flange E pressed against the rear end of the-cylinder A by a shoulder F formed on a sleeve F, screwed or otherwise secured to the exterior surface of the vcylinder A, the saidsleeve 'forming in the rear of the cylinder A an admission chamber F2, into which passes the compressed air or other Huid under pressure, supplied through a pipe G having a valve G under the control of the` operator for controlling the fluid pressure passing into the chamber F2. F3 'of the sleeve F is screwed or otherwise secured the cylinder H of astopping or a feed bar, andin the said cylinder H reciprocates a piston I having its piston rod I extending through a head H"arranged on the outer'end of the cylinder H. 'The outer end of the piston rod I carries apoint J adapted to engage the material lin' the mine or other place, so that the duid pressure entering theadn'iission chamber F2 and the forward end of the cylinder H exerts a pressure on the piston I,to force the cylinder A and the parts carried thereby in a forward direction, to feed the drill C into the material to be cut. The cylinder I-I is locked in place on the reduced end F3` of the sleeve F by a nut H2, as indicated in the drawings.

In the cylinder A and extending through the iiange E are arranged a number of longitudinally-extending inlet ports a, prefand 4. Longtudinally-extending charge grooves c are formed in the wall of ,the large bore A of the cylinder A, the said grooves o terminating at their forwardends a distance v from the annular groove b, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, and from the largeboreA' of the cylinder A lead exhaust ports al to Patented Dec. 5, 1911..A

fix

the peripheral face of the cylinder A, the said ports also extending through the sleeve F, as shown in Fig. 7. The exhaust ports l are located somewhat in the rear of thel forward ends of the grooves c.

Now when the several parts are in position, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and the operator opens the valve G', then the motive agent can pass into the chamber F2 and by way of the ports a into the annular groove b, from which the motive agent can pass rearwardly in the large bore A and into 4the forward ends of thefgrooves c, to allow the moti-.ve agent to travel farther rearwardly in these grooves c, to finally pass into the' bore A at a point lbetween the 'cylinder head E and the rear end of the hammer head D', to force the piston hammer D forward d to cause the piston hammer D to exert a blow on the drill C mounted to slide vin the chuck B. During the forward movement of the hammer D and its head D', the head D finally reaches the forward ends of the grooves c, to cut off the motive agent from the said grooves c, and then the piston hammer D travels forward under the pressure contained in the rear end of the bore A of the cylinder A. During the further forward movement of the piston hammer D, its headiD nally uncovers the eX- haust ports d so that the motive agent in the large bore A of the cylinder A passes to the atmosphere, and the piston hammer D is immediately returned to its starting posi tion, as shown in Fig. 3, by the action'of the motive agent on the annular shoul der 'D2 formed between the piston hammer D and its head D', and the above described operation is then repeated, that is, the piston hammer is again moved forward by the action of the motive agent passing into the rear end of the large bore A by way of the ports a, the recess b, the forward end of the bore A' and the grooves c, as previously explained. It is understood that during the forward stroke of the piston hammer D, the motive agent presses on the shoulder D2, to cushion the piston hammer and to return the piston hammer to its starting position.

For rock drills it is preferred to provide the piston hammer D and its head D with a recess D3, opening at its rear end into the bore A', and into which extend the reduced ends E2, E3 of the cylinder head E. From the Vforward end 'of the recess D3 lead ports c into an annular groove e formed on the peripheral face of the piston hammer D, and when the piston hammer D is in the starting position as shown in Fig. 3, then this annular groove e" is in register with the forward end of the large bore A' adjacent to the annular groove b, and consequently the live motive agent can pass from this an- -nular groove b into the annular groove rforward stroke of the hammer piston D,

thus allowing of running the machine at a high speed. A double exhaust also takesy place in this case, as the annular groove e moves into register .with the exhaust chamber A3 at the time the hammer piston D nears the end of its forward stroke, so that the exhaust motive agent can pass through the ports e and annular groove e into the exhaust chamber- A3, from which the eX- haust motive agent can pass to the atmosphere by way of the exhaust ports f. The reduced ends E2, E3 of the cylinder head E, extending into the recess D3 of the hammer, cut down the clearance space and thus increase the economy by decreasing the gas or air consumption.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the rear end of the drill C extends linto the exhaust chamber A3, and in order to prevent damage to the piston hammer D at the time the machine is running and the drill C is removed, the following arrangement vis made: On the peripheral face of the piston hammer D are 'formed longitudinally-extending grooves g so that when the drill C is removed and thepiston hammer D moves into ,the extreme forward position shown in Fig. 4c, then the motive agent in the forward end of the bore A' can pass'by way of the grooves g into theexhaust chamber A3, and at the same time live motive agent can pass .from the ports a by way of ports k into the forward end of the large bore A of the cylinder A, so as to bring the piston hammer D to a stop, as the live motive agent can now exhaust from the .rear end of the bore `A by way of the Isets of exhaust ports d, e, f to the atmosphere. The rear end of the yhead D of the piston D is provided with a detlecting flange D5* opposite the ports L at the time the hammer piston D is at the extreme forward position and the drill C is removed.- The cylinder A is turned by the operator having hold of ya handle K attached to the cylinder, and the exhaust motive agent leaving the exhaust ports d and f is deflected in a rearward direction by collars L and L', having rearwardly extending flanges L2, L3, to form annular chambers into which passes the exhaust motive' agent from the ports d and f, to defiect.the ex haust motive agent in a rearward direction. The collars L and L also prevent'grit and other material loosened by the drill from passing by way. of the exhaust ports Aal and f into th'ecylinder A. thus insurlng long life `ot the working parts.l The collar L serves` as a lock nut for the forward end of the sleeve F. Y

When the machine is not in useA it is desirable to hold the piston I, the piston rod I and the point Jin a forward position relapiston I, to hold the said piston I, the pis- 1,55

ton rod I and the point J temporarily locked in place. V

. When the machine is set up in position in a mine or other place and motive agent is ppssed into the forward end of the cylinder as' previously explained, then the pressurel against the piston I moves the same rearwardly and the socket I2 out of engagement with the enlarged ends O of the spring arms O.

For pneumatic hammers and like tools it is desirable to use but a single admission Aand a single exhaust, 'and in this case the piston hammer is made solid, as shown in Fig. 13; the solid piston hammer D5, however, taking the place of the hollow or recessed piston hammer D, shown in Figs. 3 and 4:, and the cylinder head E being without the reduced ends E2, E3.

Having 'thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent: s y

1. A fluid pressure tool comprising a cylinder having concentric bores and longitudinal inlet ports connected at the rear end ofthe cylinder with a fluid pressure supply, the forward ends of the said inlet ports opening into an `annular groove in the wall of the 'large cylinder bore near the forward end thereof, the said bore wall having lengthwise-extending charging grooves spaced rearwardly from the saidy annular groove, the said 'large' bore having exhaust ports leading to the atmosphere,`and'a piston hammer mounted to reciprocate-in the small cylinder bore and having an enlarged head fitting the large cylinder bore, the said head uncovering the said exhaust ports near the end of its stroke.

2. A fluid pressure tool comprising a cylinderhaving concentric bores and longitudinal inlet ports connected at the rear end `of the cylinder with a fluid pressure supply, the forward vends of the said inlet ports opening into an annular groove in the wall of the large cylinder bore near the for- 'ward end thereof, the said bore wall having llengthwise extending charging grooves spaced rearwardly from lthe said annular groove, the--sai`d large bore having exhaust ports leading. to the" atmosphere, av piston hammer mounted to reciprocate in the small cylinder bore and having an enlarged head fitting the large cylinder bore, the said head uncovering the said exhaust Vports near the end of its stroke, the said piston hammer being formed with a recess opening at its rear end into the large cylinder bore, and ports in the piston hammer lea-ding from the forward end of the said recess to connect with'the forward. end of the saidrlarge cylinder-l'iore at the time the hammer piston is in a retracted starting position.

3. vA fluid pressure tool, comprising a cylinder having concentric boresv and longitudinal inlet ports connected atV the rear end of the cylinder with a iuid pressure supply, thev forward ends of the said inlet ports opening into an annular groove in the wall of the large cylinder bore near the forward end thereof, the said bore wall having lengthwise-extending charging grooves' spaced rearwardly from the said annular groove, the A'said large bore having exhaust ports leading to the atmosphere, afpiston hammer mounted to reciprocate in the small cylinder bore and having an enlarged head fitting the large cylinder bore, the said head uncovering the said exhaust ports near the end of its stroke, the said piston hammer being formed with a recess opening at its rear end into the large cylinder bore, and ports in Y the piston hammer leading from the forward Iend of the said recess to connect with lthe forward end of the said large cylinder bore at the time the hammer piston is in a retracted starting position, the said ham` mer piston ports being adapted to register with an annular exhaust chamber in front of the small cylinder bore at the time the ha1n-v Iner piston is at the end of its forward stroke. l

4.- A Huid pressure tool, comprising a. cyl finder having concentric bores and longitudinal inlet ports connected at the rear end of the cylinder with a fluid pressure supply, they forward ends of thesaid inlet ports opening into an annular groove in the wall of the large cylinder' bore near the'forward end thereof, the said bore wall having lengthwise-extending charging grooves spaced rearwardly from the said annular groove, the said large bore having exhaust ports leading to the atmosphere, a piston hammer mounted to reciprocate inthe small cylinder bore and having an enlarged head fitting the large'cylinder bore, the said head uncovering the said exhaust ports near the end of its stroke, and means for directing the exhaust rearwardly.

l 5. A fluid pressure tool, comprising a cylinder having concentric bores and longitudinal inlet ports connected at the rear end of the cylinder with a fluid pressure supply, the forward ends of the said inlet ports 1 n opening into an annular groove 1n the wall of the large cylinder bore near the forward end thereof, the said bore Wall having lengthwise-extending charging grooves spaced rearwardly from the said annular grooVe,

the said large bore having exhaust ports leading to the atmosphere, a piston hammer mounted. to reciprocate in the small cylinder bore and having an enlarged head fitting the large cylinder bore, the said head uncovering the said exhaust ports near the end oi its stroke, the said piston hammer being formed with a recess opening at its rear end into the large cylinder here, ports in .the piston hammer leading from the forward end of the said recess to connect with t he forward end et the said large ,cylinder here at the time 'the hammer pistonA is in a retracted starting position, and a plug for closing the rear end of the large bore or' the said cylinder, the plug having forwardlyextending reduced portions' adapted to tend into the said piston hammer.

6, A fluid pressure tol, comprising a cylinder having concentric bores and longitudinal inlet ports connected at the rear end of the cylinder with a fluid pressure'supply, the forward ends of the said inlet ports opening into an annular groove in the wall of the large cylinder here near the end there of, the said 4bore Wall having lengthwise-extending charging grooves spaced rearwardly from the said annular groove, the said large bore having exhaust ports leading to the atmosphere, band auxiliary ports ahead ofthe said exhaust ports and opening into the said inlet ports, and a piston hammer mounted to reciprocate in the small cylinder bore and having an enlarged head fitting the large cylinder bore, the said head uncovering the said exhaust ports near the end of its stroke.

'if A fluid pressure tool comprising a valveless cylinder having concentric hores,

vcylinder bore having an admission chamber at the rear end o the cylinder connected with a fluid pressure supply, and inlet ports connected with the admission chamber, the wall of the large an annular groove into which the said inlet ports open, and charging grooves spaced groove, the large cylinder bore having eX- haust ports leading to the atmosphere, and a piston hammer mounted to reciprocate in the small cylinder bore and having an enlarged head fitting the large cylinder bore, the said head controlling the cut-off and eX- haust of the fluid pressure.

8. A fluid pressure tool comprising a cylinder, a head closing the rear end of the cylinder and having a flange, a sleeve screwed on the cylinder and having a shoulder engaging said iiange to press the same against the rear end of the cylinder, the said sleeve forming an admission chamber at the rear of the cylinder, a fluid pressure supply connected with said admission chamber, longitudinally-extending inlet ports in said cylinder and extending through said flange, the said ports Aopening at their forward ends into an annular groove in communication with the bore of the cylinder, longitudinally extending charging grooves formed in the wall of the cylinder and spaced at their forward ends from the said annular groove, the said cylinderA having exhaust ports, and a piston hammerA mounted to reciprocate in the said cylinder and controlling the cut-off and exhaust of the duid pressure.

1in testimony vwhereof I have name to this specification in the two subscribing Witnesses.

arrecati: o, MCFARLANE. Witnesses:

FRANK F. iVnLrr, MILTQN R HARTZ.

signed my presence of from the said annular- 

